6 Currency translation

The financial statements of consolidated companies prepared in foreign currencies are translated into euros (€) in accordance with IAS 21 using the functional currency method. The functional currency of foreign companies is determined by the primary economic environment in which they mainly generate and use cash. Within the Group, the functional currency is predominantly the local currency. In the consolidated financial statements, assets and liabilities are therefore translated at the closing rates, whilst income and expenses are generally translated at the monthly closing rates. The resulting currency translation differences are recognised in other comprehensive income. In financial year 2009, currency translation differences amounting to €182 million (previous year: €–500 million) were recognised in other comprehensive income (see the statement of comprehensive income and statement of changes in equity).

Goodwill arising from business combinations after 1 January 2005 is treated as an asset of the acquired company and therefore carried in the functional currency of the acquired company.

The exchange rates for the currencies that are significant for the Group were as follows:

The carrying amounts of non-monetary assets recognised at consolidated companies operating in hyperinflationary economies are generally indexed in accordance with IAS 29 and thus reflect the current purchasing power at the balance sheet date.

In accordance with IAS 21, receivables and liabilities in the financial statements of consolidated companies that have been prepared in local currencies are translated at the closing rate as at the balance sheet date. Currency translation differences are recognised in other operating income and expenses in the income statement. In financial year 2009, income of €161 million (previous year: €269 million) and expenses of €163 million (previous year: €269 million) resulted from currency translation differences. In contrast, currency translation differences relating to net investments in a foreign operation are recognised in other comprehensive income.

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